Segregation Essays Students
Freedom’s Story is made possible by a grant from the Wachovia Foundation. Freedom’s Story Advisors and Staff Segregation. Lawson Department of History. The Effects of Segregation and Racism in 20th Century America On the Growth of Peoples Temple by Kellen Datta. AIDS Consortium - Established in 1992 by Justice Edwin Cameron, the consortium is a network of more than 300 organizations and individuals who work to provide access. Free Racism Schools papers, essays, and research papers. Jim Crow was the name of the racial caste system which operated primarily, but not exclusively in southern and border states, between.
Indeed, UCLA professor Gary Orfield, a strong proponent of racial desegregation, notes that. Ushistory.org, created and hosted by the Independence Hall Association in Philadelphia. Colonial and Revolutionary history centered in Philadelphia, PA. Freedom’s Story is made possible by a grant from the Wachovia Foundation. Freedom’s Story Advisors and Staff The Civil Rights Movement: 1968—2008.
Segregation Essays Students Pepper
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The Effects of Segregation and Racism in 2. Century America On the Growth of Peoples Temple(This paper was written in December 2. Academic Magnet High School, in Charleston, SC, which requires all students to conduct original research as a graduation requirement.)Peoples Temple, the infamous group involved in the mass suicide at Jonestown, Guyana on November 1. American pop culture as a paranoid, fringe cult. The Temple grew out of a desire by leader Jim Jones to create an integrated society in the midst of racial turmoil. This research focused on the extent of this goal of integration in its success of recruiting members. To determine such motivations, the researcher focused on literature involving interviews and personal accounts of former Temple members, including those who perished in the Jonestown suicide.
While sufficient evidence was found to deem racism a motivational factor for some members, both black and white, the researcher cannot claim it to be the primary reason for people joining the Temple. The conclusion verifies the importance of avoiding alienation of factions from the greater whole of society because future groups could easily end tragically, just like Jonestown. To close, the findings imply that unfavorable conditions in culture, such as racism, can drive some to seek something seemingly better, even something as ultimately destructive as Peoples Temple.
Chapter I: The Effects of Segregation and Racism in 2. Century America on the Growth of Peoples Temple. This chapter aims to acquaint the reader with background knowledge pertaining to the researcher’s goal of determining the extent to which segregation and racism affected the expansion of Peoples Temple during the mid- 2.
Statement of Need. This thesis will focus on Peoples Temple, led by Reverend Jim Jones in the 1. Indiana, California, and Guyana. While there is no exact definition of a cult, a general sociological definition is a “group with novel religious beliefs and a high degree of tension with the surrounding society” (Shermer, 2. Is Scientology a cult? Shermer and Davis (1. Spanish Essays About Vacations.
Jones led himself and over 9. Guyana, Jonestown, in 1. It is important to note that the suicide was a planned event, and all participants had previously agreed to end their lives in such a way, if necessary. Since Peoples Temple was a predominantly black community focused on creating an integrated, socialist, and utopian style society (Nelson), the researcher has chosen to incorporate into her thesis the effects of segregation and racism on the growth and popularity of the Temple. With a black population of over sixty percent, it is vital to determine why the Temple parapealed so greatly to such a specific and limited group of people versus a larger and more diverse population. This is not to say that other races did not join, but they did not comprise any sort of majority within the Temple.
Having a minority racial group present as a majority is one of many unique factors that set the Temple apart from so many other churches. Although constantly overshadowed by the notorious mass suicide of Jonestown, the black majority is an important aspect to the Temple that requires more attention in both history and research. The United States Supreme Court deemed segregation a legal institution under Plessy v. While segregation was supposed to be upheld under the grounds of “separate but equal” (Plessy v. Ferguson), the black facilities were often severely lacking in comparison to the whites’.
Segregation ultimately oppressed the black race and denied them the civil rights of its white counterparts. However, segregation was just one facet of an over- arching racist attitude throughout the United States, with most racism simply being social and cultural ideologies and thoughts, rather than federal law. Many blacks felt disenfranchised and deprived of their civil rights, which may have caused them to turn to idealistic groups such as Peoples Temple. Currently, there is much debate over what motivates people to join a cult. Davis (1. 99. 6) explores the motivation to join a cult by questioning whether people join because they truly believe in the cult’s teachings or if it is a psychological pull that entices them.
Johnson (1. 97. 9) believes that “those suffering various kinds of deprivation” (p. Peoples Temple was primarily black, since they were so vehemently denied their civil liberties under unjust Jim Crow laws and racist attitudes in much of the United States during the 1.
Main Goal of the Project. This thesis intends to discover and analyze the role that racism and racist attitudes towards blacks in America had on the growth, popularity, and eventual demise of Peoples Temple. Peoples Temple was a predominantly black group, albeit being led by Jim Jones, who was a white male, and existed during the height of the American Civil Rights movement from the 1.
The researcher expects to find a significant link between the disenfranchisement of blacks, both legally and socially, and the utopian and egalitarian style community that Peoples Temple offered. The oppression of the black race through slavery and segregation will remain a permanent flaw in America, the self- proclaimed land of equality and opportunity. Peoples Temple, although ultimately ending in tragic death, initially offered a community that was free from societal pressures, conditions, and prejudices. While previous research has been conducted on the racial makeup and the black religious aspects of the Temple, there is little current research focusing specifically on the factors of racism relating to Peoples Temple.
This thesis will hopefully not only provide evidence for why people join self- destructive groups, but also formulate new theories about the ultimate effects of oppressing and disenfranchising a group of people for an extended period of time. This knowledge could potentially be applied to the gay rights movement and oppression of women in Middle Eastern countries in today’s world. The researcher gained full knowledge of Peoples Temple, Jonestown and racism from a historical standpoint, and remained unbiased in her sources and analysis as possible. History served as the primary field of study in this thesis, with race relations as a secondary field. Essay On American Flag.
A simple understanding of black religion, such as preaching styles and African Methodist Episcopal Churches, aided in understanding the purely religious incentive for blacks to join the Temple. While this research focused specifically on blacks in the Temple, other non- racial motivating factors were taken into account. The Civil Rights movement was strongly incorporated into this thesis to understand changing attitudes about race in the United States as Peoples Temple morphed into a precarious and uncertain faction.
Methods and Evaluation. This thesis required an in- depth analysis of Jonestown, racism in America, and black religion. Finding distinct evidence citing racial inequality and segregation as a recurring and common motivation for joining Peoples Temple from personal anecdotes from survivors of Jonestown led the researcher to conduct a causal study. The researcher completed a historical analysis on both aspects of the thesis, racism and Peoples Temple, allowed a full understanding of the influence that both institutions had on one another.
Primary sources from Peoples Temple provided substantial information on the social structure, prevailing attitudes, and beliefs within the Temple at the time of its existence. Secondary sources delivered information on Jonestown and racism from an unbiased, outsider standpoint that supplemented the primary sources directly from the Temple. The final product remained the traditional five- chapter thesis, containing brief numerical data, with an emphasis on narrative analysis. A specific relationship does in fact exist between the racism and the Temple’s values and offerings, so it can be considered a motivating factor. For example, since segregation explicitly separated black and white races, exact evidence of racial integration within the Temple help to justify the claim. Well- supported inferences factored heavily into the analysis much more than initially expected, because sources directly from Temple members are limited due to the majority’s untimely death.
Rather than limiting herself to segregation, the researcher sought out interviews with members who experienced multiple types of social racism. Personal Reflection Essays Examples. Regardless of the number of correlations found, the researcher is unable to declare racism as the primary motivation to join the Temple, but enough evidence was found to validate her findings and their relevance to the research field. Since historical research can only truly be deemed valid based on the opinion of professional historians and other members of academia, the researcher sent her work to Jonestown historian Professor Rebecca Moore at San Diego State University to seek her opinion and advice. Professor Moore referred the researcher’s work to Fielding Mc.
Gehee, another Jonestown expert, and Dr. James Lance Taylor at the University of San Francisco, who is conducting similar research.
Implications. The results that arose from this thesis imply a specific correlation between the negative aura of racism and joining Peoples Temple, as well as establishing Peoples Temple as a pseudo- utopian society, at least superficially. While this thesis in no way sought to condone the actions of mass suicide, forced murder, or the philosophy of Jim Jones, the researcher learned to appreciated the rationale that lay deep beneath the radical beliefs of the Temple in light of the social issues involving intolerance and racism. Significance. While research exists on black religion’s relationship to Peoples Temple, this thesis conducted original research by isolating racism as a variable and its effects on the Temple.
It is important to note that over sixty percent of the Temple’s population was black, which strengthens one correlational link between this study’s two factors. Quotes On Tragedy And Healing.
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